Preparing for the consultation : Establishing initial rapport, Establishing the reason for the consultation
Gathering information: Questioning & Listening
Explanation and planning: Providing evidence based advice and information, Discussing options and potential outcomes of
Closing the session: Offering a safety net, Verifying and agreeing a plan
Building the relationship: Demonstrating empathy, Building rapport throughout, Increasing a person's involvement in consultation, Using open body language.
Additional Skills for Person-centred approach: Understanding the person's perspective of their medicines and/or health. Analysing own behaviours during the consultation and identifying areas for change (body language and attitudes towards people). Engaging the person in shared decision making. Working in partnership with the person. Taking a holistic view of the person
Consultations Models:
Calgary-Cambridge: Preparing for the encounter, establishing rapport with the patient, and identifying the reason for the consultation.
Pendleton: a set of guidelines designed to structure the feedback process in a way that encourages learning and improvement.
Neighbour: Five checkpoints of connecting, summarising, handing over, safety netting and housekeeping alongside an awareness of 'minimal cues' (verbal and non-verbal) to help discover the unspoken agenda.
BARD: Using an open question to start the consultation Listening carefully to the patient Using verbal cues like "mmm" and "ok" Using non-verbal cues like a smile or nod the totality of the relationship between the doctor and patient.
Health Coaching Models:
GROW: Goal (what do you want to achieve), Reality (tell me about the current situation), Option ( What could you do differently, what might get you on the way), Way forward (how committed are you? SMART action plan).
4Es: Explore, Empower, Educate, Enable
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